1940, The first attempts of the Jewish Committee in cooperation with the Germans to find the final form of the banknote. The note is perforated on its right side. On the left side a Star of David symbol with a drawing of a candle are the signs of a printing experiment. Rare item (Cat: PO-561) AU

ncluding standard bill of 1 Mark Serial number A No 332178 AU

1941, lot of 4 diff coupons. THE LODZ GHETTO SPECIMEN FOR THE COUPON, FOR ONE ADDITIONAL LUNCH - 1941/ 42.

This food coupon ['talon"] issued during 1941 / 42, by the "Kitchen Department". who fell directly under the "Committee of the Jewish Elders in Litzmannstadt" and is good for "One Additional". The coupons are of the S. XIV [14th] & S. XIX [19th] series, and has a diagonal hand-=stamped "MUSTER" [specimen] in German. It also has the printed sel of the Elders of the Jews in Lizmannstsdt, Chaim Rumkowski.

A Litzmannstadt Luncxh Vouchjer in the series 11/E number 319426. The BACK HAS THE ADDITIONAL lIDZMANNSTADT GHETTO CACHET IN VIOLET.Fel cat # 620, 620a, 620d, 600 &623a.

S.1-Coupon for 1 portion of soup, issued by the kitchen dept.

SPECIAL RATIONING FOOD CARD. Issued to laborers only, allows holder a daily " STRENGTHENING LUNCH" for 14 days. Card to be used in certain Ghetto [public] kitchen. No date. Back has instructions in Yiddish and German.  

1941, THE WARSAW GHETTO 'POSTAL NOTE' ESSAYS. [Proposed designs] printed from liinoleum cuts. These 'ESSAYS' were prepared illegally in the ghetto in the Spring of 1941. This apparently was done after the German Military Authority denied several requests by the Judenrat [Council of Jewish Elders] to create its own postage stapms and money vouchers. The denominatins of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 50 Groshen were intended mostly as 'postal money to be used as delivery notes within the confines of the ghetto. The letters RZww SPDZ [Rade Zydowska W Warszawie, Skladnice Pocztowa Dzielnicy Zydowskie] stands for  'the Jewish Council in Warsaw, Postal Service in the Jewish Section'.

The 50 Groshen note is the only token with pictorial information. Several JHews [18 - chai - Stars of Dvid] stasnding behind barbed wire, across from an S.S. emblem in flames, perhaps hinting at the future ghetto revolt.

Some controversy still surrounds the authenticity of these six 'ESSAYS', Some experts consider them bogus, but evidence of their forgery is inconclusive. 

1942, 10 Pfennig 17.04.1942 Litzmannstadt Poland Germany 10 Pfennig - Rare, Very rare Litzmannstadt Getto. Undoubtedly genuine. Feller Cat PO-581a2. XF  

1942, Jud 1942, CZESTOCHOWA GHETTO, FORMAL RATION COUPON - 1942.

Czestochowa, a city in Poland, south west of Warsaw. The German  army entered  thd city on September 3rd, 1939. The following day, latter called "Bloody Monday," a pogrom was organized in which a few hundred Jews were murdered. On September 16th, a Judenrat was established chaired by  Leon Kopinski. At that time approximately 30,000 Jews lived in the Town. The Jewish councils took on  all the duties of a local government, acting as intermediaries to carry out the German dictates, such as providing forced labor battalions for German war factories. On April 9th, 1941, a ghetto was established and was sesled off on  23rd August. On September 23rd, 1942, a large scale Aktion began. By October 5th, were executed on the spot. The ghetto, by now largely diminished and within new borders, now called  the, "small ghetto"  consisted of about 6,500 people, of whom about 1,000 were "illegal." Everyyone thought life would go on . The last selection took place on 20th July 1943. This item emphasizes the great deception: it is a formal Ration coupon dated November  1942! These coupons were distributed in the SMALL GHETTO, for Flour, Sugar, Marmalade, etc. This piece is complete and unused. On the reverse are neat hand written account listings costs, for firewood, staircase repairs, etc', made by a  Judenrat member.